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Current Affairs News October 2016

INTERNATIONAL - Level important News Heads with Details that Events are in September 2016

G-20 SUMMIT

US-CHINA RATIFY PARIS CLIMATE DEAL

NAM SUMMIT

EAST ASIA SUMMIT

ASEAN SUMMIT

RUSSIA ELECTIONS

AFGHANISTAN INKS PEACE DEAL

BRICS NSA’S MEET

1. G-20 SUMMIT

A two-day G-20 Summit was held at Hangzhou, China from September 4 to 5. Prime Minister Narendra Modi represented India in this summit. While opening of a summit of leaders from G-20 nations Chinese president Xi Jinping said the global economy is being threatened by rising protectionism and risks from highly leveraged financial markets. Indian Prime Minister Modi highlighted that India aimed to improve its financial system, boost domestic production, enhance infrastructure investment and create a pool of human capital in the country. Prime Minister Modi raised the issue of terrorism. Without naming Pakistan, he said some nations used terrorism as an instrument of state policy and that one single nation in South Asia was spreading terrorism in the region. Modi called on the leaders present to isolate and sanction supporters of terrorism. Acknowledging that world economy is still weak and downside risks remain, the leaders of G-20 nations decided to shore up growth by coordinating fiscal, monetary and structural policies and rejecting trade protectionism. The leaders said, innovation could be a new and key driver of growth creating more jobs in the long run. There are, however, no specific or concrete actions recommended by the leaders to turn around the world economy in the short-to-medium term. An important issue that made its way into the G-20 communiqué relates to excess capacity of steel. Without mentioning China, the leaders said weak recovery and depressed demand has only exacerbated the situation. Another interesting part of the Hangzhou Summit relates to the leader’s endorsement of the G-20 High Level principles on Co-operation on Persons Sought for Corruption and Asset Recovery.

2. US – CHINA RATIFY PARIS CLIMATE DEAL

The United State and China on September 3rd formally joined the Paris climate deal as two countries signed climate deal at Hangzhou, china. The move by the world’s two biggest polluters is a major step forward for the 180-nation accord, which sets ambitious goals for capping global warming and funneling trillions of dollars to poor countries facing climate catastrophe. The Paris agreement aims to limit global temperature increases to two degrees centigrade, and will be triggered after at least 55 countries, accounting for 55percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, ratify it. Under the Paris accord, China has pledged to cut its carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 60-65 percent from 2005 levels by 2030 and increase non-fossil fuel sources in primary energy consumption to about 20 percent. In its Paris commitment, the US promised to cut its own emissions 26-28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025. China is responsible for almost a quarter of the world’s emissions, with the US in second place on around 15 percent, so their participation is crucial.

3. NAM SUMMIT

A two-day Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) summit was held at Margarita Island, Venezuela from September 18 to 19. Vice President Hamid Ansari represented India in this summit. During the summit India has asked the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to urgently add counter terrorism on the top of its bucket list of priorities because the indiscriminate killing of civilians to achieve political aims harmed the world’s second largest organizations basic aim of promoting peace, sovereignty and development. He also outlined the unfair governing structure of the United Nations. NAM should utilize the ongoing inter governmental negotiations at the UN General Assembly to ensure that the discussions begun 11 years ago do not become an exercise in futile perpetuity. Iran did not target the US but acknowledged NAM’s unfailing support for peaceful negotiations on the nuclear issue that helped it slide into the global mainstream. The NAM wrapped up a summit with an expression of support for its embattled host, President Nicolas Maduro and scathing attacks on US interventionism around the world. The 120 member group issued a statement at the end of the meeting calling for peace, urging world powers not to meddle in other countries affairs and voicing concern over violence in Syria, Iraq and the Palestinian Territories. The 190-page document also urges support for the struggle against terrorism, for solidarity with refugees in northern Africa, and the venezuelan people’s right to peace.

4. EAST ASIA SUMMIT

East Asia summit was held at Vientiane, Laos on September 8, Prime Minister Narendra Modi represented India in this summit. While addressing the summit without naming Pakistan PM Modi said, there’s one country in our neighborhood whose competitive advantage rests solely in producing and exporting terrorism. He said this (terrorism) export in reducing space for peace and increasing space for violence and putting at risk peace and prosperity of all. The time has come to isolate and sanction this instigator. Prime Minister Modi welcomed the adoption of a statement on non proliferation and said India remained committed to strengthening its objectives. He also said India was committed to supporting the realization of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). On the sidelines of the summit PM Modi met American President Barack Obama and discussed bilateral and global issues. Both leaders reviewed the Indo-US strategic partnership and progress on collaboration in nuclear energy and climate change. The US strongly supports India’s NSG membership bid.

5.ASEAN SUMMIT

A one-day summit of ASEAN was held at Vientiane, Laos on September 8. During the summit US President Barack Obama warned Beijing that it could not ignore a tribunal’s ruling rejecting its sweeping claims to the South China Sea driving tensions higher in a territorial row that threatens regional security. The dispute has raised fears of military confrontation between the world’s superpowers, with China determined to cement control of the strategically vital waters despite a July verdict that its claims have no legal basis. China angrily vowed to ignore the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Other claimants in the sea are the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia and Brunei-all part of the 10-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) bloc. ASEAN leaders released a statement saying they were seriously concerned over recent developments in the sea.

6.RUSSIA ELECTIONS

Vladimir Putin won even greater supremacy over Russia’s political system after the ruling United Russia party took three quarters of the seats in Parliament in September 18 election, paving the way for him to run for a fourth term as President. Results showed turnout was only around 48 percent, down from 60 percent in 2011, suggesting apathy among some Russians – particularly in Moscow and St. Petersburg. United Russia won 343 seats of the total of 450 in the Duma. That is up from 238 seats in the last parliamentary election, in 2011, and is enough to allow the United Russia to unilaterally change the Constitution. Other parties trailed far behind. According to the official vote count, the Communists were on track to come second with 42 seats, the populist LDPR party third with 41 and the Left-of-Centre Just Russia party fourth with 21 seats. All three tend to vote with United Russia on crunch issues and aviod direct criticism. Liberal opposition parties failed to win any seats.

7.AFGHANISTAN INKS PEACE DEAL

Afghanistan on September 22 signed a peace agreement with notorious wariord Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, paving the way for him to make a political comeback despite a history of war crimes and after years in hiding. Hekmatyar, who heads the now largely dormant Hezb-e-Islami militant group, is the latest in a series of controversial figures that Kabul has sought to reintegrate in the post-Taliban era by granting judicial immunity for past crimes. The deal with Afghanistans second-biggest militant group marks a symbolic victory for President Ashraf Ghani, who has struggled to revive peace talks with the more powerful Taliban. Hekmatyar, derided widely as the butcher of kabul, was a prominent anti-Soviet commander in the 1980’s who stands accused of killing thousands of people in the Afgan capital during the 1992-1996 civil war. The deal paves the way for him to make a comeback in mainstream politics in a pattern well established by other warlords, such as General Abdul Rashid Dostum, currently the country’s first Vice-President.

8. BRICS NSA’S MEET

The growing threat from Islamic State and its spread has made the BRICS to work. The member nations have decided to pool in efforts to counter terrorism and violent extremism sprouting from the West Asia and North Africa region, exchange best practices in counter-terrorism and join hands on cyber-security and energy security. In the area of cyber security / information security, the representatives agreed to strengthen joint efforts on enhancing cyber security by sharing of information and best practices, combating cybercrimes, improving co-operation between technical and law enforcement agencies, including joint cyber security R&D and capacity building. Agreeing to expand BRICS Counter Terrorism co-operation further, they said this would include measures for denying terrorists access to finance and terror-hardware such as equipment, arms and ammunition. They underscored the need for a global legal regime to deal with the global menace of terrorism. The group also agreed to explore regular energy dialogue between BRICS countries in order to discuss long-term and medium-term energy security issues.

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