Current Affairs News October 2016
INTERNATIONAL
- Level important News Heads with Details that
Events are in September 2016
G-20 SUMMIT
US-CHINA RATIFY PARIS CLIMATE DEAL
NAM SUMMIT
EAST ASIA SUMMIT
ASEAN SUMMIT
RUSSIA ELECTIONS
AFGHANISTAN INKS PEACE DEAL
BRICS NSA’S MEET
1. G-20 SUMMIT
A two-day
G-20 Summit was held at Hangzhou, China from September 4 to 5. Prime Minister
Narendra Modi represented India in this summit. While opening of a summit of
leaders from G-20 nations Chinese president Xi Jinping said the global economy
is being threatened by rising protectionism and risks from highly leveraged
financial markets. Indian Prime Minister Modi highlighted that India aimed to
improve its financial system, boost domestic production, enhance infrastructure
investment and create a pool of human capital in the country. Prime Minister
Modi raised the issue of terrorism. Without naming Pakistan, he said some
nations used terrorism as an instrument of state policy and that one single
nation in South Asia was spreading terrorism in the region. Modi called on the
leaders present to isolate and sanction supporters of terrorism. Acknowledging
that world economy is still weak and downside risks remain, the leaders of G-20
nations decided to shore up growth by coordinating fiscal, monetary and
structural policies and rejecting trade protectionism. The leaders said,
innovation could be a new and key driver of growth creating more jobs in the
long run. There are, however, no specific or concrete actions recommended by the
leaders to turn around the world economy in the short-to-medium term. An important
issue that made its way into the G-20 communiqué relates to excess capacity of
steel. Without mentioning China, the leaders said weak recovery and depressed
demand has only exacerbated the situation. Another interesting part of the
Hangzhou Summit relates to the leader’s endorsement of the G-20 High Level
principles on Co-operation on Persons Sought for Corruption and Asset Recovery.
2. US – CHINA
RATIFY PARIS CLIMATE DEAL
The United
State and China on September 3rd formally joined the Paris climate deal as two
countries signed climate deal at Hangzhou, china. The move by the world’s two
biggest polluters is a major step forward for the 180-nation accord, which sets
ambitious goals for capping global warming and funneling trillions of dollars
to poor countries facing climate catastrophe. The Paris agreement aims to limit
global temperature increases to two degrees centigrade, and will be triggered
after at least 55 countries, accounting for 55percent of global greenhouse gas
emissions, ratify it. Under the Paris accord, China has pledged to cut its
carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 60-65 percent from 2005 levels by 2030 and
increase non-fossil fuel sources in primary energy consumption to about 20
percent. In its Paris commitment, the US promised to cut its own emissions
26-28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025. China is responsible for almost a
quarter of the world’s emissions, with the US in second place on around 15
percent, so their participation is crucial.
3. NAM SUMMIT
A two-day
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) summit was held at Margarita Island, Venezuela from
September 18 to 19. Vice President Hamid Ansari represented India in this
summit. During the summit India has asked the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to
urgently add counter terrorism on the top of its bucket list of priorities
because the indiscriminate killing of civilians to achieve political aims
harmed the world’s second largest organizations basic aim of promoting peace,
sovereignty and development. He also outlined the unfair governing structure of
the United Nations. NAM should utilize the ongoing inter governmental
negotiations at the UN General Assembly to ensure that the discussions begun 11
years ago do not become an exercise in futile perpetuity. Iran did not target
the US but acknowledged NAM’s unfailing support for peaceful negotiations on
the nuclear issue that helped it slide into the global mainstream. The NAM
wrapped up a summit with an expression of support for its embattled host,
President Nicolas Maduro and scathing attacks on US interventionism around the
world. The 120 member group issued a statement at the end of the meeting
calling for peace, urging world powers not to meddle in other countries affairs
and voicing concern over violence in Syria, Iraq and the Palestinian
Territories. The 190-page document also urges support for the struggle against
terrorism, for solidarity with refugees in northern Africa, and the venezuelan
people’s right to peace.
4. EAST ASIA SUMMIT
East Asia
summit was held at Vientiane, Laos on September 8, Prime Minister Narendra Modi
represented India in this summit. While addressing the summit without naming
Pakistan PM Modi said, there’s one country in our neighborhood whose competitive
advantage rests solely in producing and exporting terrorism. He said this
(terrorism) export in reducing space for peace and increasing space for
violence and putting at risk peace and prosperity of all. The time has come to
isolate and sanction this instigator. Prime Minister Modi welcomed the adoption
of a statement on non proliferation and said India remained committed to
strengthening its objectives. He also said India was committed to supporting
the realization of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). On the
sidelines of the summit PM Modi met American President Barack Obama and
discussed bilateral and global issues. Both leaders reviewed the Indo-US
strategic partnership and progress on collaboration in nuclear energy and climate
change. The US strongly supports India’s NSG membership bid.
5.ASEAN SUMMIT
A one-day
summit of ASEAN was held at Vientiane, Laos on September 8. During the summit
US President Barack Obama warned Beijing that it could not ignore a tribunal’s
ruling rejecting its sweeping claims to the South China Sea driving tensions
higher in a territorial row that threatens regional security. The dispute has
raised fears of military confrontation between the world’s superpowers, with
China determined to cement control of the strategically vital waters despite a
July verdict that its claims have no legal basis. China angrily vowed to ignore
the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Other claimants in the sea
are the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia and Brunei-all part of the 10-member
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) bloc. ASEAN leaders released a
statement saying they were seriously concerned over recent developments in the
sea.
6.RUSSIA ELECTIONS
Vladimir
Putin won even greater supremacy over Russia’s political system after the
ruling United Russia party took three quarters of the seats in Parliament in
September 18 election, paving the way for him to run for a fourth term as
President. Results showed turnout was only around 48 percent, down from 60
percent in 2011, suggesting apathy among some Russians – particularly in Moscow
and St. Petersburg. United Russia won 343 seats of the total of 450 in the
Duma. That is up from 238 seats in the last parliamentary election, in 2011,
and is enough to allow the United Russia to unilaterally change the
Constitution. Other parties trailed far behind. According to the official vote
count, the Communists were on track to come second with 42 seats, the populist
LDPR party third with 41 and the Left-of-Centre Just Russia party fourth with
21 seats. All three tend to vote with United Russia on crunch issues and aviod
direct criticism. Liberal opposition parties failed to win any seats.
7.AFGHANISTAN INKS PEACE DEAL
Afghanistan
on September 22 signed a peace agreement with notorious wariord Gulbuddin
Hekmatyar, paving the way for him to make a political comeback despite a
history of war crimes and after years in hiding. Hekmatyar, who heads the now
largely dormant Hezb-e-Islami militant group, is the latest in a series of
controversial figures that Kabul has sought to reintegrate in the post-Taliban
era by granting judicial immunity for past crimes. The deal with Afghanistans
second-biggest militant group marks a symbolic victory for President Ashraf
Ghani, who has struggled to revive peace talks with the more powerful Taliban.
Hekmatyar, derided widely as the butcher of kabul, was a prominent anti-Soviet
commander in the 1980’s who stands accused of killing thousands of people in
the Afgan capital during the 1992-1996 civil war. The deal paves the way for
him to make a comeback in mainstream politics in a pattern well established by
other warlords, such as General Abdul Rashid Dostum, currently the country’s
first Vice-President.
8. BRICS NSA’S MEET
The growing threat from Islamic State and its
spread has made the BRICS to work. The member nations have decided to pool in
efforts to counter terrorism and violent extremism sprouting from the West Asia
and North Africa region, exchange best practices in counter-terrorism and join
hands on cyber-security and energy security. In the area of cyber security /
information security, the representatives agreed to strengthen joint efforts on
enhancing cyber security by sharing of information and best practices,
combating cybercrimes, improving co-operation between technical and law
enforcement agencies, including joint cyber security R&D and capacity
building. Agreeing to expand BRICS Counter Terrorism co-operation further, they
said this would include measures for denying terrorists access to finance and
terror-hardware such as equipment, arms and ammunition. They underscored the
need for a global legal regime to deal with the global menace of terrorism. The
group also agreed to explore regular energy dialogue between BRICS countries in
order to discuss long-term and medium-term energy security issues.
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